In the Middle Ages, the Italian island of Sardinia was divided into four regions known as “judicates” or “giudicati”. Each of these regions was ruled by a ruler known as a “judge”. The judges were princes rather than administers of justice. The four provinces of Sardinia were Torres (or Logudoro), Cagliari, Gallura, and Arborea. During [read more]
Isabella was born circa 1216/1217 as the only of King Leo I of Armenia and his second wife, Sybille of Cyprus. She had an elder half-sister named Stephanie, who died in 1220 leaving behind a young son who died not much later. She was still in infancy when she was betrothed to the third son [read more]
Asma bint Shihab has been regarded as one of Yemen’s greatest queens. While deeply respected by her contemporaries, historians often tend to overlook her story in favour of her more famous daughter-in-law, Queen Arwa. She ruled alongside her husband, her son, and his wife in shaping state politics and handling vast sums of money for [read more]
The future Ranavalona III of Madagascar was born as Princess Razafindrahety as the daughter of Andriantsimianatra and his wife, Princess Raketaka on 22 November 1861. When she was older, she was taken into the custody of her aunt, Queen Ranavalona II, who made sure that Razafindrahety was given a private education. At an unknown date, she [read more]
A regent is “a person appointed to administer a state because the monarch is a minor, is absent or is incapacitated.” Emma of Waldeck and Pyrmont was born on 2 August 1858 as the daughter of Georg Viktor, Prince of Waldeck and Pyrmont, and Princess Helena of Nassau. On 7 January 1879, she married King William III of [read more]
Catherine was born in 1468 as the daughter of Gaston of Foix, Prince of Viana, and Magdalena of Valois. Her father was the son of Queen Eleanor of Navarre, but he died before her and thus never became King. Instead upon the death of Queen Eleanor, her elder brother Francis succeeded as King of Navarre. He [read more]
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