Daily life at Versailles went by a strict set of rules of etiquette and routine. Marie Antoinette wrote her own account of the “maddening” and “ridiculous” routine to her mother in Austria in 1770. She woke up between nine and ten and dressed informally. She would then say her morning prayers, eat breakfast, and visit [read more]
Read part one here. On 5 August 1776, Marie Thérèse gave birth to her second child. It was a daughter who was named Sophie. When the young girl died after a short illness at the age of 7, Marie Antoinette wrote that “the Comte d’Artois was afflicted as he should have been by the death [read more]
Marie Thérèse of Savoy was born on 31 January 1756 as the third daughter and fifth child of the future King Victor Amadeus III of Sardinia and Maria Antonia Ferdinanda of Spain. Her parents would go on to have a total of 12 children, though not all of them lived to adulthood. She and her [read more]
In 1837, Princess Ludovika was pregnant for the fourth time. Her marriage to Duke Maximilian Joseph in Bavaria was in shambles, but that didn’t stop the regular arrival of new babies. Her first child Ludwig Wilhelm was born in 1831, followed by the short-lived Wilhelm Karl in 1832 and Helene in 1834. On 24 December, [read more]
When the future Emperor Franz Joseph I of Austria was born in 1830, he was third in the line of succession. His grandfather was Francis II, Holy Roman Emperor (Francis I, Emperor Austria from the dissolution of the Holy Roman Empire in 1806) and his uncle Ferdinand, who had an intellectual disability and suffered from [read more]
On 4 November 1824, Princess Sophie of Bavaria married Archduke Franz Karl of Austria, the third son of Emperor Francis II, Holy Roman Emperor and Princess Maria Theresa of Naples and Sicily. Her family had been reluctant, and Sophie’s sister wrote, “They say he is educated, but he is not at all to the Queen’s [read more]
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